（RTGUI）SSD1963 显示芯片驱动程序

memstone · 发表于 2013-7-13 10:16:35

STM32 + RT Thread OS 学习笔记[三]

RTGUI

据说RTGUI是多线程的，因此与RT-Thread OS的耦合度较高，有可能要访问RT-Thread的线程控制块。如果要移植到其它OS，估计难度较大。目前还处于Alpha状态，最终将会包含进RT-Thread中，成为其中的标准组件。

1、 RTGUI下载

当前，要获取包含RTGUI的源码，需要到SVN库里去拉。

因此，需要先安装SVN客户端。比较简单的就是命令行，当然你也可以其它选择。

这里使用Apache Subversion command line tools，下载地址：http://www.visualsvn.com/downloads/

下载文件是一个压缩包，解压到任意目录即可。

RT-Thread SVN源码浏览

打开cmd窗口，进入上面解压缩目录，运行下面的命令：

svn checkout http://rt-thread.googlecode.com/svn/tags/rtt_1_1_1\mcu\rtt111

这样就把rtt_1_1_1这个版本下载到根目录下的 mcu\rtt111中。

注1：由于众所周知的原因，从googlecode下载有点困难，建议使用VPN等方式。

注2：下载的bsp目录，实际只需要simulator（模拟器）和stm32f10x（奋斗板V3对应），其它的都可以删除或转移到其它目录。

2、项目生成

与之前一样，修改rtconfig.h，打开RT_USING_RTGUI选项；

运行命令：scons –target=mdk4 –s

打开生成的项目文件，可以看到已经包含了RTGUI。

3、 LCD驱动（SSD1963）

a) 这是重新下载的源码，所以对LED的定义，还需要按之前章节所述，修改相应代码。

b) 编译

在驱动未完成前，examples和calibration.c（由文件名看应该是触摸屏校准程序）都可以不要。从项目中移除（remove）组gui_examples以及文件calibration.c，重新编译，成功。

memstone · 发表于 2013-7-13 10:17:26

c) 驱动代码

默认状态下，包含了ssd1289这个驱动文件，我们要参照它来写一个ssd1963的驱动。

代码：

ssd1963.c

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

#include <rtthread.h>
#include "stm32f10x.h"
// 分辨率(H:0-479 V:0-271)
unsigned int HDP=479;
unsigned int VDP=271;
unsigned int HT=531;
unsigned int HPS=43;
unsigned int LPS=8;
unsigned char HPW=1;
unsigned int VT=288;
unsigned int VPS=12;
unsigned int FPS=4;
unsigned char VPW=10;
#define Bank1_LCD_D ((uint32_t)0x60020000) //disp Data ram
#define Bank1_LCD_C ((uint32_t)0x60000000) //disp Reg ram
void Delay(__IO uint32_t nCount)
{
for(; nCount != 0; nCount--);
}
void LCD_WR_REG(u16 index)
{
*(__IO uint16_t *) (Bank1_LCD_C)= index;
}
u16 LCD_RD_DAT(void)
{
u16 a=0;
a=*(__IO uint16_t *) (Bank1_LCD_D);
return(a);
}
void LCD_WR_DAT(u16 val)
{
*(__IO uint16_t *) (Bank1_LCD_D)= val;
}
void _set_window(u16 x1, u16 y1, u16 x2, u16 y2)
{
LCD_WR_REG(0x002A);
LCD_WR_DAT(x1>>8);
LCD_WR_DAT(x1&0x00ff);
LCD_WR_DAT(x2>>8);
LCD_WR_DAT(x2&0x00ff);
LCD_WR_REG(0x002b);
LCD_WR_DAT(y1>>8);
LCD_WR_DAT(y1&0x00ff);
LCD_WR_DAT(y2>>8);
LCD_WR_DAT(y2&0x00ff);
}
void _set_cursor(u16 x,u16 y)
{
_set_window(x, y, HDP, VDP);
}
void lcd_set_pixel(const char* pixel, int x, int y)
{
_set_cursor(x, y);
LCD_WR_REG(0x2c);
LCD_WR_DAT(*(rt_uint16_t*)pixel);
}
void lcd_get_pixel(char* pixel, int x, int y)
{
_set_cursor(x, y);
LCD_WR_REG(0x2e);
*(rt_uint16_t*)pixel = LCD_RD_DAT();
}
void lcd_draw_hline(const char* pixel, int x1, int x2, int y)
{
_set_cursor(x1, y);
LCD_WR_REG(0x2c);
while (x1 < x2)
{
LCD_WR_DAT(*(rt_uint16_t*)pixel);
x1++;
}
}
void lcd_draw_vline(const char* pixel, int x, int y1, int y2)
{
_set_window(x, y1, x, y2);
LCD_WR_REG(0x2c);
while (y1 < y2)
{
LCD_WR_DAT(*(rt_uint16_t*)pixel);
y1++;
}
}
void lcd_blit_line(const char* pixels, int x, int y, rt_size_t size)
{
rt_uint16_t *ptr;
ptr = (rt_uint16_t*)pixels;
_set_cursor(x, y);
LCD_WR_REG(0x2c);
while (size)
{
LCD_WR_DAT(*ptr ++);
size --;
}
}
void lcd_clear()
{
int w = HDP + 1, h = VDP + 1;
_set_cursor(0, 0);
LCD_WR_REG(0x2c);
while (w--)
{
while(h--)
{
LCD_WR_DAT(0xffff);
}
h = VDP + 1;
}
}
void LCD_INIT(void)
{
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOE, GPIO_Pin_1);
Delay(0xAFFFF);
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOE, GPIO_Pin_1 );
Delay(0xAFFFF);
LCD_WR_REG(0x00E2); // PLL=10*36/3=120M
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0023); //N=0x36 for 6.5M, 0x23 for 10M crystal
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0002);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0004);
LCD_WR_REG(0x00E0);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0001);
Delay(0xAFFF);
LCD_WR_REG(0x00E0);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0003);
Delay(0xAFFF);
LCD_WR_REG(0x0001);
Delay(0xAFFF);
LCD_WR_REG(0x00E6); //PLL setting for PCLK, depends on resolution
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0001);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0033);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0032);
LCD_WR_REG(0x00B0); //module
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0000);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0000);
LCD_WR_DAT((HDP>>8)&0X00FF); //Set HDP
LCD_WR_DAT(HDP&0X00FF);
LCD_WR_DAT((VDP>>8)&0X00FF); //Set VDP
LCD_WR_DAT(VDP&0X00FF);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0000);
LCD_WR_REG(0x00B4); //HSYNC
LCD_WR_DAT((HT>>8)&0X00FF); //Set HT
LCD_WR_DAT(HT&0X00FF);
LCD_WR_DAT((HPS>>8)&0X00FF); //Set HPS
LCD_WR_DAT(HPS&0X00FF);
LCD_WR_DAT(HPW); //Set HPW
LCD_WR_DAT((LPS>>8)&0X00FF); //Set HPS
LCD_WR_DAT(LPS&0X00FF);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0000);
LCD_WR_REG(0x00B6); //VSYNC
LCD_WR_DAT((VT>>8)&0X00FF); //Set VT
LCD_WR_DAT(VT&0X00FF);
LCD_WR_DAT((VPS>>8)&0X00FF); //Set VPS
LCD_WR_DAT(VPS&0X00FF);
LCD_WR_DAT(VPW); //Set VPW
LCD_WR_DAT((FPS>>8)&0X00FF); //Set FPS
LCD_WR_DAT(FPS&0X00FF);
LCD_WR_REG(0x00BA);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x000F); //GPIO[3:0] out 1
LCD_WR_REG(0x00B8);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0007); //GPIO3=input, GPIO[2:0]=output
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0001); //GPIO0 normal
LCD_WR_REG(0x0036); //rotation
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0000);
LCD_WR_REG(0x00F0); //16位 565 color module
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0003);
Delay(0xAFFF);
LCD_WR_REG(0x0029); //display on
LCD_WR_REG(0x00BE); //set PWM for B/L
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0006);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0080);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0001);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x00f0);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0000);
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0000);
LCD_WR_REG(0x00d0);// backlight
LCD_WR_DAT(0x000d);
}
void GPIO_INIT(void)
{
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC
| RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD| RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOE| RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOF , ENABLE);
}
void FSMC_LCD_Init(void)
{
FSMC_NORSRAMInitTypeDef FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure;
FSMC_NORSRAMTimingInitTypeDef p;
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHBPeriph_FSMC, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_13;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOD, GPIO_Pin_13);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_1;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOE, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_4 | GPIO_Pin_5 |
GPIO_Pin_8 | GPIO_Pin_9 | GPIO_Pin_10 | GPIO_Pin_14 |
GPIO_Pin_15;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_7 | GPIO_Pin_8 | GPIO_Pin_9 | GPIO_Pin_10 |
GPIO_Pin_11 | GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_13 | GPIO_Pin_14 |
GPIO_Pin_15;
GPIO_Init(GPIOE, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_7;
GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11 ;
GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure);
p.FSMC_AddressSetupTime = 0x02;
p.FSMC_AddressHoldTime = 0x00;
p.FSMC_DataSetupTime = 0x05;
p.FSMC_BusTurnAroundDuration = 0x00;
p.FSMC_CLKDivision = 0x00;
p.FSMC_DataLatency = 0x00;
p.FSMC_AccessMode = FSMC_AccessMode_B;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_Bank = FSMC_Bank1_NORSRAM1;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_DataAddressMux = FSMC_DataAddressMux_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_MemoryType = FSMC_MemoryType_NOR;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_MemoryDataWidth = FSMC_MemoryDataWidth_16b;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_BurstAccessMode = FSMC_BurstAccessMode_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WaitSignalPolarity = FSMC_WaitSignalPolarity_Low;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WrapMode = FSMC_WrapMode_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WaitSignalActive = FSMC_WaitSignalActive_BeforeWaitState;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WriteOperation = FSMC_WriteOperation_Enable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WaitSignal = FSMC_WaitSignal_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_ExtendedMode = FSMC_ExtendedMode_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WriteBurst = FSMC_WriteBurst_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_ReadWriteTimingStruct = &p;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_WriteTimingStruct = &p;
FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure.FSMC_AsynchronousWait = FSMC_AsynchronousWait_Disable;
FSMC_NORSRAMInit(&FSMC_NORSRAMInitStructure);
FSMC_NORSRAMCmd(FSMC_Bank1_NORSRAM1, ENABLE);
}
struct rt_device_graphic_ops ssd1963_ops =
{
lcd_set_pixel,
lcd_get_pixel,
lcd_draw_hline,
lcd_draw_vline,
lcd_blit_line
};
struct rt_device _lcd_device;
static rt_err_t lcd_init(rt_device_t dev)
{
return RT_EOK;
}
static rt_err_t lcd_open(rt_device_t dev, rt_uint16_t oflag)
{
return RT_EOK;
}
static rt_err_t lcd_close(rt_device_t dev)
{
return RT_EOK;
}
static rt_err_t lcd_control(rt_device_t dev, rt_uint8_t cmd, void *args)
{
switch (cmd)
{
case RTGRAPHIC_CTRL_GET_INFO:
{
struct rt_device_graphic_info *info;
info = (struct rt_device_graphic_info*) args;
RT_ASSERT(info != RT_NULL);
info->bits_per_pixel = 16;
info->pixel_format = RTGRAPHIC_PIXEL_FORMAT_RGB565P;
info->framebuffer = RT_NULL;
info->width = HDP + 1;
info->height = VDP + 1;
}
break;
case RTGRAPHIC_CTRL_RECT_UPDATE:
/* nothong to be done */
break;
default:
break;
}
return RT_EOK;
}
void rt_hw_lcd_init(void)
{
/* register lcd device */
_lcd_device.type = RT_Device_Class_Graphic;
_lcd_device.init = lcd_init;
_lcd_device.open = lcd_open;
_lcd_device.close = lcd_close;
_lcd_device.control = lcd_control;
_lcd_device.read = RT_NULL;
_lcd_device.write = RT_NULL;
_lcd_device.user_data = &ssd1963_ops;
GPIO_INIT();
FSMC_LCD_Init();
LCD_INIT();
lcd_clear();
/* register graphic device driver */
rt_device_register(&_lcd_device, "lcd",
RT_DEVICE_FLAG_RDWR | RT_DEVICE_FLAG_STANDALONE);
}

这个文件中，直接被调用的只有一个函数：void rt_hw_lcd_init(void)，执行完成后，在系统中注册了名为“lcd”的设备。

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

_lcd_device.type = RT_Device_Class_Graphic;
_lcd_device.init = lcd_init;
_lcd_device.open = lcd_open;
_lcd_device.close = lcd_close;
_lcd_device.control = lcd_control;
_lcd_device.read = RT_NULL;
_lcd_device.write = RT_NULL;

这些是一个标准设备必须的函数，作为LCD显示设备，这里只有control是有用的，其它实际上是个空函数。

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

struct rt_device_graphic_ops ssd1963_ops =
{
lcd_set_pixel,
lcd_get_pixel,
lcd_draw_hline,
lcd_draw_vline,
lcd_blit_line
};
void rt_hw_lcd_init(void)
{
…………
_lcd_device.user_data = &ssd1963_ops;
…………

与显示设备相关的，主要是这五个画图相关函数。

memstone · 发表于 2013-7-13 10:18:27

d) 测试程序

测试程序分两个，一个是底层硬件画图函数测试，一个是RTGUI API测试。

lcd_hw_test.c

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

#include <rtthread.h>
extern const unsigned char* icon;
void lcd_hw_test(){
char pixel[] = {0x00, 0xf8};
int width, height = 59, i=5;
unsigned char* p;
char tmp[] = {0xff, 0xff};
rt_device_t drv = rt_device_find("lcd");
struct rt_device_graphic_ops* ops = ((struct rt_device_graphic_ops *)(drv->user_data));
// hline
while(i--)
{
ops->draw_hline(pixel, 0, 480, 50 + i);
}
// vline
i = 5;
while(i--)
{
ops->draw_vline(pixel, 80 + i, 0, 272);
}
// draw icon
p = (unsigned char*)&icon;
while(height--){
ops->blit_line((char*)p, 200, 180 - height, 59);
p += 59 * 2;
}
// copy icon
width = height = 59;
while(height--)
{
while(width--)
{
ops->get_pixel(tmp, 200 + width, 180 - height);
ops->set_pixel(tmp, 290 + width, 180 - height);
}
width = 59;
}
}

lcd_gui_test.c[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

#include <rtthread.h>
#ifdef RT_USING_RTGUI
#include <rtgui/rtgui.h>
#include <rtgui/rtgui_server.h>
#include <rtgui/rtgui_system.h>
#include <rtgui/driver.h>
#endif
const unsigned char icon[] = {0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0X9F,0XF7,0XFE,0XD6,
0XFE,0XDE,0X3F,0XE7,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,
0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X3F,0XDF,
0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X3F,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,
0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,
0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,0X1E,0XDF,
0X1E,0XDF,0X3F,0XE7,0XFE,0XDE,0XFE,0XD6,0X9F,0XF7,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,
0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XDF,0XFF,
0XFE,0XD6,0X1E,0XDF,0XBE,0XD6,0X7E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,
0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,
0X5E,0XC6,0X7E,0XC6,0X9E,0XC6,0X9E,0XC6,0X9E,0XC6,0X9E,0XC6,0X7E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,
0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,
0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,
0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X5E,0XC6,0X7E,0XC6,0XBE,0XD6,0X1E,0XDF,
0XFE,0XDE,0XDF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,
0XFF,0XFF,0XBE,0XF7,0XDE,0XD6,0XBE,0XCE,0X5E,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,
0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5E,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,
0X5D,0XBE,0X5E,0XBE,0X5E,0XC6,0X7E,0XC6,0X9E,0XC6,0X9E,0XC6,0X9E,0XC6,0X9E,0XC6,
0X7E,0XC6,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,
0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,
0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,
0X5D,0XBE,0X5D,0XBE,0X5E,0XC6,0XDE,0XD6,0XFE,0XD6,0XBE,0XF7,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,
0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XBE,0XF7,0XBD,0XCE,0X7E,0XC6,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,
0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3E,0XBE,0X5E,0XBE,0X7E,0XBE,0X7E,0XBE,
0X7E,0XBE,0X7E,0XBE,0X7E,0XBE,0X7E,0XBE,0X7E,0XBE,0X7E,0XBE,0X7E,0XBE,0X7E,0XBE,
0X7E,0XBE,0X7E,0XBE,0X5E,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3E,0XBE,0X5E,0XBE,
0X3E,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,
0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,0X3D,0XBE,
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0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF};
void lcd_gui_test(){
rtgui_color_t pixel = white;
int width, height = 59, i;
rt_uint8_t* p;
rtgui_color_t tmp[] = {0xffff};
struct rtgui_graphic_driver* drv = rtgui_graphic_driver_get_default();
const struct rtgui_graphic_driver_ops* ops = drv->ops;
// clear
i = 272;
while(i--)
{
ops->draw_hline(&pixel, 0, 480, i);
}
// hline
i = 5;
pixel = red;
while(i--)
{
ops->draw_hline(&pixel, 0, 480, 50 + i);
}
// vline
i = 5;
while(i--)
{
ops->draw_vline(&pixel, 80 + i, 0, 272);
}
// draw icon
p = (unsigned char*)&icon;
while(height--){
ops->draw_raw_hline((rt_uint8_t*)p, 200, 200 + 59, 180 - height);
p += 59 * 2;
}
// copy icon
width = height = 59;
while(height--)
{
while(width--)
{
ops->get_pixel(tmp, 200 + width, 180 - height);
ops->set_pixel(tmp, 290 + width, 180 - height);
}
width = 59;
}
}

这两个测试文件的显示内容是一样的。

显示一条5个像素宽的横条与竖条，以及一个图标，再复制一份同样的图标。通过这些来测试基本的五个函数有没有按预期效果显示。

在application.c中添加测试代码：（L55-L59）

编译，下载，可以看到测试结果：

memstone · 发表于 2013-7-13 10:18:58

e) 模拟器运行RTGUI

模拟器在目录bsp\simulator下，在开始之前，请阅读目录下的readme.txt。

使用命令：scons --target=vs –s 来创建Visaul C++ 2005的项目文件。

打开生成的project.vcproj。

将lcd_gui_test.c加入，再在application.c中添加测试代码(默认是运行贪吃蛇游戏)；

修改project -> Drivers -> sdl_fb.c，让屏幕分辨率与开发板的一致。

运行后，就可以看到效果了（注：可能因调用低层代码，窗口没刷新，用其它窗口盖一下，再挪开，就可以看到上图了）

cbailjc · 发表于 2013-7-13 11:47:17

可惜我还没入这个门，，

memstone · 发表于 2013-7-13 15:00:04

STM32 + RT Thread OS 学习笔记[四]

1、补注

a) 硬件，打通通讯通道

若学习者购买了学习板，通常可以在学习板提供的示例代码中找到LCD的相关驱动代码，基本上，这里的驱动的所有代码都可以从里面找到。

从上面的示意图可见，MCU要在LCD上显示内容，需要经过：

1、 Core

2、 Dbus，SystemBus

3、 Bus Matrix

4、 FSMC

5、 SSD1963

6、 LCM

驱动LCD，就要相应地将这些通道开启，初始化，只要其中一个环节未打通，就不可能成功点亮LCD屏。

首先是到SSD1963的引脚，虽然说，MCU与SSD1963显示芯片的连接是通过FSMC方式，但由于FSMC与GPIO是共用引脚的，因此，需要先打开相应的GPIO。

代码：

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

void GPIO_INIT(void)
{
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC
| RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD| RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOE| RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOF , ENABLE);
}

作为新手，我就因为没打开GPIO，这么一句代码的问题，查了一个月才找到，杯具得不能再杯具了……

其次，就是FSMC了，这部分的代码，可以直接从学习板的示例代码中复制出来。

然后，是SSD1963显示芯片的初始化代码，也可以直接从学习板的示例代码中复制。

SSD1963，具体的信息可以查看学习板中带的PDF文件，以下是部分摘录：

1  GENERAL DESCRIPTION

SSD1963 is a display controller of 1215K byte frame buffer to support up to 864 x 480 x 24bit graphics
content.  It also equips parallel MCU interfaces in different bus width to receive graphics data and command
from MCU.  Its display interface supports common RA M-less LCD driver of color depth up to 24 bit-per-pixel.

2  FEATURES

•  Display feature
−  Built-in 1215K bytes frame buffer.  Support up to 864 x 480 at 24bpp display
−  Support TFT 18/24-bit generic RGB interface panel
−  Support 8-bit serial RGB interface
−  Hardware rotation of 0, 90, 180, 270 degree
−  Hardware display mirroring
−  Hardware windowing
−  Programmable brightness, contrast and saturation control
−  Dynamic Backlight Control (DBC) via PWM signal
•  MCU connectivity
−  8/9/16/18/24-bit MCU interface
−  Tearing effect signal
•  I/O Connectivity
−  4 GPIO pins
•  Built-in clock generator
•  Deep sleep mode for power saving
•  Core supply power (VDDPLL and VDDD): 1.2V±0.1V
•  I/O supply power(VDDIO): 1.65V to 3.6V
•  LCD interface supply power (VDDLCD): 1.65V to 3.6V

可以看到，这款芯片内建1215K字节帧缓存，最大支持分辨率864x 480，真24位彩色的LCD屏

如果要提高显示效果，可考虑使用帧缓存（framebuffer）。RTGUI支持帧缓存，以后有时间，再更新驱动。

为了显示LCD屏上的每一个像素点，SSD1963提供了很多命令，如：

设置作图坐标，我们会使用 0x2A,0x2B来确定一个矩形区域。

然后开始写入数据之前，调用0x2C来通知SSD1963。同样，可以发送命令0x2E来通知SSD1963，将当前点的像素颜色值放到数据总线上，MCU随后就可以通过FSMC来读取。

其它更多内容，请查看PDF文件。

奋斗板V3的4.3” LCD屏，用的是翰彩4.3” ColorTFT-LCD Module，在相关资料文件夹中，也有相应的PDF文档。硬件连接只要按文档说明正确对应即可。

LCM型号（Model）是 HSD043I9W1-A**

完成以上，整个通讯通道就被打通，LCD屏才能成功点亮。

b) GUI基础函数

RTGUI与UCGUI，其底层的绘图函数都只有很少的几个，复杂图形及文字等显示操作，都在这些功能简单的函数基础上进行的扩展。

RTGUI的五个基本绘图函数（未使用frame buffer的情况下）：

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

/**
* graphic operations
*/
struct rt_device_graphic_ops
{
void (*set_pixel) (const char *pixel, int x, int y);
void (*get_pixel) (char *pixel, int x, int y);
void (*draw_hline)(const char *pixel, int x1, int x2, int y);
void (*draw_vline)(const char *pixel, int x, int y1, int y2);
void (*blit_line) (const char *pixel, int x, int y, rt_size_t size);
};

分别是：

l 画一个点
l 取一个点的色彩值
l 画一条水平线
l 画一条垂直线
l 画一条水平线，水平线上每个点的色彩值在“数组”中指定

在RTGUI中，把显示驱动作为一个设备来注册。以上五个函数则保存到通用设备的私有数据段。再将显示设备注册为“lcd”。

其中基类rt_devicer的control方法，我们返回了一些信息，如屏幕大小，色彩格式定义等。而其它几个方法其实都是空方法，因为LCD驱动不提供这些功能。

如下：

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

void rt_hw_lcd_init(void)
{
/* register lcd device */
_lcd_device.type = RT_Device_Class_Graphic;
_lcd_device.init = lcd_init;
_lcd_device.open = lcd_open;
_lcd_device.close = lcd_close;
_lcd_device.control = lcd_control;
_lcd_device.read = RT_NULL;
_lcd_device.write = RT_NULL;
_lcd_device.user_data = &ssd1963_ops;
GPIO_INIT();
FSMC_LCD_Init();
LCD_INIT();
lcd_clear();
/* register graphic device driver */
rt_device_register(&_lcd_device, "lcd",
RT_DEVICE_FLAG_RDWR | RT_DEVICE_FLAG_STANDALONE);
}

在application.c中，RTGUI取得设备“lcd”，并将它转化为rtgui_graphic_driver类，如下：

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

…………
#ifdef RT_USING_RTGUI
{
extern void rtgui_system_server_init(void);
extern void rt_hw_lcd_init();
extern void rtgui_touch_hw_init(void);
rt_device_t lcd;
/* init lcd */
rt_hw_lcd_init();
/* init touch panel */
rtgui_touch_hw_init();
/* re-init device driver */
rt_device_init_all();
/* find lcd device */
lcd = rt_device_find("lcd");
/* set lcd device as rtgui graphic driver */
rtgui_graphic_set_device(lcd);
/* init rtgui system server */
rtgui_system_server_init();
}
#endif /* #ifdef RT_USING_RTGUI */
}
int rt_application_init()
{
…………

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

/*
* File : driver.h
* This file is part of RTGUI in RT-Thread RTOS
* COPYRIGHT (C) 2006 - 2009, RT-Thread Development Team
*
* The license and distribution terms for this file may be
* found in the file LICENSE in this distribution or at
* http://www.rt-thread.org/license/LICENSE
*
* Change Logs:
* Date Author Notes
* 2009-10-04 Bernard first version
*/
#ifndef __RTGUI_DRIVER_H__
#define __RTGUI_DRIVER_H__
#include <rtgui/list.h>
#include <rtgui/color.h>
struct rtgui_graphic_driver_ops
{
/* set and get pixel in (x, y) */
void (*set_pixel)(rtgui_color_t *c, int x, int y);
void (*get_pixel)(rtgui_color_t *c, int x, int y);
void (*draw_hline)(rtgui_color_t *c, int x1, int x2, int y);
void (*draw_vline)(rtgui_color_t *c, int x , int y1, int y2);
/* draw raw hline */
void (*draw_raw_hline)(rt_uint8_t *pixels, int x1, int x2, int y);
};
struct rtgui_graphic_driver
{
/* pixel format and byte per pixel */
rt_uint8_t pixel_format;
rt_uint8_t bits_per_pixel;
rt_uint16_t pitch;
/* screen width and height */
rt_uint16_t width;
rt_uint16_t height;
/* framebuffer address and ops */
volatile rt_uint8_t *framebuffer;
rt_device_t device;
const struct rtgui_graphic_driver_ops *ops;
};
………………
………………
………………

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

/*
* File : driver.c
* This file is part of RTGUI in RT-Thread RTOS
* COPYRIGHT (C) 2006 - 2009, RT-Thread Development Team
*
* The license and distribution terms for this file may be
* found in the file LICENSE in this distribution or at
* http://www.rt-thread.org/license/LICENSE
*
* Change Logs:
* Date Author Notes
* 2009-10-04 Bernard first version
*/
#include <rtthread.h>
#include <rtgui/driver.h>
struct rtgui_graphic_driver _driver;
………………
………………
………………
rt_err_t rtgui_graphic_set_device(rt_device_t device)
{
rt_err_t result;
struct rt_device_graphic_info info;
/* get framebuffer address */
result = rt_device_control(device, RTGRAPHIC_CTRL_GET_INFO, &info);
if (result != RT_EOK)
{
/* get device information failed */
return -RT_ERROR;
}
/* initialize framebuffer driver */
_driver.device = device;
_driver.pixel_format = info.pixel_format;
_driver.bits_per_pixel = info.bits_per_pixel;
_driver.width = info.width;
_driver.height = info.height;
_driver.pitch = _driver.width * _driver.bits_per_pixel / 8;
_driver.framebuffer = info.framebuffer;
if (info.framebuffer != RT_NULL)
{
/* is a frame buffer device */
_driver.ops = rtgui_framebuffer_get_ops(_driver.pixel_format);
}
else
{
/* is a pixel device */
_driver.ops = rtgui_pixel_device_get_ops(_driver.pixel_format);
}
return RT_EOK;
}
………………
………………
………………

其它代码就不列出来了，最终实现的是GUI色彩定义与硬件的色彩定义分隔，在RTGUI中统一一种方式定义色彩，而不用关心具体LCD硬件对色彩的定义。不过，对于函数draw_raw_hline()来说，需要手工转换色彩。

lindabell · 发表于 2013-7-13 15:19:21

看了一些RTGUI源码，就是不理解怎么用，只好等教程了

lindabell · 发表于 2013-7-13 15:19:38

看了一些RTGUI源码，就是不理解怎么用，只好等教程了

memstone · 发表于 2013-7-13 16:55:32

cbailjc 发表于 2013-7-13 11:47
可惜我还没入这个门，，

我也是刚接触嵌入开发，新手一个，大家共勉。

memstone · 发表于 2013-7-13 16:58:25

lindabell 发表于 2013-7-13 15:19
看了一些RTGUI源码，就是不理解怎么用，只好等教程了

是啊，要是有教程会省事很多。
RTGUI在改变中，原来1.0的那个pdf，只能作参考了，要使用，得看代码，确实累啊。

我的目的，就是怎么才能跑起来，至于控件，内部机制倒是其次。而官方pdf除了 realTouch，就没有其它的“怎么跑起来”的指导了，太遗憾了。

memstone · 发表于 2013-7-13 17:04:12

顺便吐槽一下，奋斗板的代码，给人的感觉是七拼八凑的，没整理好，就像小学生的作品。
看过了RT-Thread OS的代码，看奋斗板的代码，有种吃不下饭的感觉。

lindabell · 发表于 2013-7-13 17:42:24

memstone 发表于 2013-7-13 16:58
是啊，要是有教程会省事很多。
RTGUI在改变中，原来1.0的那个pdf，只能作参考了，要使用，得看代码，确实 ...

我有realtouch，不过不理解一些基本原理很难入手

苦行僧 · 发表于 2013-7-13 17:59:23

哈哈，我这几天正在看他的PDF，你这个就来了，支持一下

sunliezhi · 发表于 2013-7-13 18:08:07

先Mark，有空再看

memstone · 发表于 2013-7-14 21:51:12

1、触摸屏驱动

触摸屏驱动的原理非常简单，从硬件得到坐标数据，数据加工（适配屏幕分辨率，偏移量调整），最后调用rtgui_server_post_event()函数向GUI服务端发送坐标信息。

奋斗板V3，使用的AD芯片是XPT2046，是RTGUI bsp/stm32f10x下的ADS7846芯片的下一代产品，功能及硬件连接上完全兼容。因此，我们只要确认与MCU的管脚连接，在代码上正确配置即可。

注：奋斗板的源代码是以模数转换（ADS）方式直接读取的，而RTGUI里，则是以SPI方式读取，并采用中断(EXT INT)方式。另外，SPI1上接了三个设备，分别是触摸屏，10M LAN， 2M Flash，使用了三根MCU管脚作为片选(CS)。RTT中，使用的CS脚是PC4，IRQ是PB1，而奋斗板的CS是PB7，IRQ是PB6。

修正前后补丁：

17c17
< CS PB7
---
> CS PC4
20,21c20,21
< #define CS_0() GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_7)
< #define CS_1() GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_7)
---
> #define CS_0() GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOC,GPIO_Pin_4)
> #define CS_1() GPIO_SetBits(GPIOC,GPIO_Pin_4)
78,79c78,79
< #define X_WIDTH 480
< #define Y_WIDTH 272
---
> #define X_WIDTH 240
> #define Y_WIDTH 320
147,148c147,148
< touch->y = total_x / 8;
< touch->x = total_y / 8;
---
> touch->x = total_x / 8;
> touch->y = total_y / 8;
154,155d153
< rt_kprintf("physical position: (%d, %d)\n", touch->x, touch->y);
<
202c200
< if ((!touched_down) && GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_6) != 0)
---
> if ((!touched_down) && GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_1) != 0)
205c203
< if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_6) != 0)
---
> if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_1) != 0)
294,295c292,293
< /* Enable the EXTI9_5 Interrupt */
< NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI9_5_IRQn;
---
> /* Enable the EXTI0 Interrupt */
> NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI1_IRQn;
307c305
< EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line6;
---
> EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line1;
323c321
< EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line6);
---
> EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line1);
328c326
< /* PB6 touch INT */
---
> /* PB1 touch INT */
333c331
< GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6;
---
> GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_1;
339c337
< GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource6);
---
> GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource1);
351c349
< // enable touch, disable other SPI1 device
---
> /* PC4 touch CS */
355c353
< RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
---
> RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC,ENABLE);
360d357
< GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);
362,369d358
<
< GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_4); // disable ENC28J60(LAN)
< GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_4); // disable SST25VF016B(2M Flash)
<
< /* PB7 touch CS */
< {
< GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_7;
< GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStructure);
372d360
< }
412c400
< void EXTI9_5_IRQHandler(void)
---
> void EXTI1_IRQHandler(void)
420c408
< EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line6);
---
> EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line1);

在 touch.c 中，第30行定义了一个结构体，其中最后两行，对于每个触摸屏，不同时期，可能采用不同的值才会取得最佳效果，这就是触摸屏校准程序要采集并计算的最佳数据。

struct rtgui_touch_device

{

struct rt_device parent;

rt_timer_t poll_timer;

rt_uint16_t x, y;

rt_bool_t calibrating;

rt_touch_calibration_func_t calibration_func;

rt_uint16_t min_x, max_x;

rt_uint16_t min_y, max_y;

};

数值例：

点触摸屏右下角，硬件返回的坐标值：3955, 3463

校准数据：min_x = 208, max_x = 4069, min_y = 187, max_y = 3590

最后，综合硬件值，校准数据，屏幕分辨率，计算出一个相对精确的坐标数据(x, y)，如果屏幕分辨率为480 X 640，则x < 480，y < 640。

注1：由于屏幕显示方向与触摸屏方向不一致，在代码的第147行，将 x, y 值对调。

注2：为了屏幕与触摸屏方向保持一致，修改了LCD驱动，将显示方向转了180度。

Ssd1963.c 第188行，参数值改为0x0003

LCD_WR_REG(0x0036); //rotation
LCD_WR_DAT(0x0003);

具体参数意义，请参考PDF文件说明。

memstone · 发表于 2013-7-14 21:53:00

本帖最后由 memstone 于 2013-7-14 21:55 编辑

1、触摸屏校准程序

由于GUI目前在持续变更中，有些函数在新版本中已经不同了，而bsp中的校准程序没有跟进修改，所以无法编译通过。

修正可编译版本：

#include <rtgui/rtgui.h>
#include <rtgui/dc.h>
#include <rtgui/rtgui_app.h>
#include <rtgui/rtgui_system.h>
#include <rtgui/widgets/window.h>
#include "touch.h"
// 校准步骤编号
#define CALIBRATION_STEP_LEFTTOP 0
#define CALIBRATION_STEP_RIGHTTOP 1
#define CALIBRATION_STEP_RIGHTBOTTOM 2
#define CALIBRATION_STEP_LEFTBOTTOM 3
#define CALIBRATION_STEP_CENTER 4
// 窗口自定义消息代码
#define TOUCH_WIN_UPDATE 1
#define TOUCH_WIN_CLOSE 2
// 校准点大小
#define CALIBRATION_WIDTH 15
#define CALIBRATION_HEIGHT 15
struct calibration_session
{
rt_uint8_t step;
struct calibration_data data;
rt_uint16_t width; rt_uint16_t height;
rt_device_t device;
rt_thread_t tid;
rtgui_win_t* wid;
};
static struct calibration_session* calibration_ptr = RT_NULL;
// 校准回调函数，初化时，设置到touch device 中
static void calibration_data_post(rt_uint16_t x, rt_uint16_t y)
{
if (calibration_ptr != RT_NULL)
{
// 取得每次校准点的x, y 坐标值，并与上一次求平均值
switch (calibration_ptr->step)
{
case CALIBRATION_STEP_LEFTTOP:
calibration_ptr->data.min_x = x;
calibration_ptr->data.min_y = y;
break;
case CALIBRATION_STEP_RIGHTTOP:
calibration_ptr->data.max_x = x;
calibration_ptr->data.min_y = (calibration_ptr->data.min_y + y)/2;
break;
case CALIBRATION_STEP_LEFTBOTTOM:
calibration_ptr->data.min_x = (calibration_ptr->data.min_x + x)/2;
calibration_ptr->data.max_y = y;
break;
case CALIBRATION_STEP_RIGHTBOTTOM:
calibration_ptr->data.max_x = (calibration_ptr->data.max_x + x)/2;
calibration_ptr->data.max_y = (calibration_ptr->data.max_y + y)/2;
break;
case CALIBRATION_STEP_CENTER:
/* calibration done */
{
rt_uint16_t w, h;
// 创建关闭校准窗口的消息事件
struct rtgui_event_command ecmd;
RTGUI_EVENT_COMMAND_INIT(&ecmd);
ecmd.wid = calibration_ptr->wid;
ecmd.command_id = TOUCH_WIN_CLOSE;
/* calculate calibrated data */
if (calibration_ptr->data.max_x > calibration_ptr->data.min_x)
w = calibration_ptr->data.max_x - calibration_ptr->data.min_x;
else
w = calibration_ptr->data.min_x - calibration_ptr->data.max_x;
w = (w/(calibration_ptr->width - 2 * CALIBRATION_WIDTH)) * CALIBRATION_WIDTH;
if (calibration_ptr->data.max_y > calibration_ptr->data.min_y)
h = calibration_ptr->data.max_y - calibration_ptr->data.min_y;
else
h = calibration_ptr->data.min_y - calibration_ptr->data.max_y;
h = (h/(calibration_ptr->height - 2 * CALIBRATION_HEIGHT)) * CALIBRATION_HEIGHT;
rt_kprintf("w: %d, h: %d\n", w, h);
if (calibration_ptr->data.max_x > calibration_ptr->data.min_x)
{
calibration_ptr->data.min_x -= w;
calibration_ptr->data.max_x += w;
}
else
{
calibration_ptr->data.min_x += w;
calibration_ptr->data.max_x -= w;
}
if (calibration_ptr->data.max_y > calibration_ptr->data.min_y)
{
calibration_ptr->data.min_y -= h;
calibration_ptr->data.max_y += h;
}
else
{
calibration_ptr->data.min_y += h;
calibration_ptr->data.max_y -= h;
}
rt_kprintf("calibration data: (%d, %d), (%d, %d)\n",
calibration_ptr->data.min_x,
calibration_ptr->data.max_x,
calibration_ptr->data.min_y,
calibration_ptr->data.max_y);
// 关闭校准窗口
rtgui_send(calibration_ptr->tid, &ecmd.parent, sizeof(struct rtgui_event_command));
}
return;
}
calibration_ptr->step ++;
/* post command event */
{
// 发送消息，通知窗口画下一个校准点
struct rtgui_event_command ecmd;
RTGUI_EVENT_COMMAND_INIT(&ecmd);
ecmd.wid = calibration_ptr->wid;
ecmd.command_id = TOUCH_WIN_UPDATE;
rtgui_send(calibration_ptr->tid, &ecmd.parent, sizeof(struct rtgui_event_command));
}
}
}
// 窗口事件处理
// 画校准点，关闭窗口
rt_bool_t calibration_event_handler(struct rtgui_object* widget, struct rtgui_event* event)
{
switch (event->type)
{
case RTGUI_EVENT_PAINT:
{
struct rtgui_dc* dc;
struct rtgui_rect rect;
dc = rtgui_dc_begin_drawing((struct rtgui_widget*)widget);
if (dc == RT_NULL) break;
/* get rect information */
rtgui_widget_get_rect((struct rtgui_widget*)widget, &rect);
/* clear whole window */
RTGUI_WIDGET_BACKGROUND(widget) = white;
rtgui_dc_fill_rect(dc, &rect);
/* reset color */
RTGUI_WIDGET_BACKGROUND(widget) = green;
RTGUI_WIDGET_FOREGROUND(widget) = black;
switch (calibration_ptr->step)
{
case CALIBRATION_STEP_LEFTTOP:
rtgui_dc_draw_hline(dc, 0, 2 * CALIBRATION_WIDTH, CALIBRATION_HEIGHT);
rtgui_dc_draw_vline(dc, CALIBRATION_WIDTH, 0, 2 * CALIBRATION_HEIGHT);
RTGUI_WIDGET_FOREGROUND(widget) = red;
rtgui_dc_fill_circle(dc, CALIBRATION_WIDTH, CALIBRATION_HEIGHT, 4);
break;
case CALIBRATION_STEP_RIGHTTOP:
rtgui_dc_draw_hline(dc, calibration_ptr->width - 2 * CALIBRATION_WIDTH,
calibration_ptr->width, CALIBRATION_HEIGHT);
rtgui_dc_draw_vline(dc, calibration_ptr->width - CALIBRATION_WIDTH, 0, 2 * CALIBRATION_HEIGHT);
RTGUI_WIDGET_FOREGROUND(widget) = red;
rtgui_dc_fill_circle(dc, calibration_ptr->width - CALIBRATION_WIDTH, CALIBRATION_HEIGHT, 4);
break;
case CALIBRATION_STEP_LEFTBOTTOM:
rtgui_dc_draw_hline(dc, 0, 2 * CALIBRATION_WIDTH, calibration_ptr->height - CALIBRATION_HEIGHT);
rtgui_dc_draw_vline(dc, CALIBRATION_WIDTH, calibration_ptr->height - 2 * CALIBRATION_HEIGHT, calibration_ptr->height);
RTGUI_WIDGET_FOREGROUND(widget) = red;
rtgui_dc_fill_circle(dc, CALIBRATION_WIDTH, calibration_ptr->height - CALIBRATION_HEIGHT, 4);
break;
case CALIBRATION_STEP_RIGHTBOTTOM:
rtgui_dc_draw_hline(dc, calibration_ptr->width - 2 * CALIBRATION_WIDTH,
calibration_ptr->width, calibration_ptr->height - CALIBRATION_HEIGHT);
rtgui_dc_draw_vline(dc, calibration_ptr->width - CALIBRATION_WIDTH, calibration_ptr->height - 2 * CALIBRATION_HEIGHT, calibration_ptr->height);
RTGUI_WIDGET_FOREGROUND(widget) = red;
rtgui_dc_fill_circle(dc, calibration_ptr->width - CALIBRATION_WIDTH, calibration_ptr->height - CALIBRATION_HEIGHT, 4);
break;
case CALIBRATION_STEP_CENTER:
rtgui_dc_draw_hline(dc, calibration_ptr->width/2 - CALIBRATION_WIDTH, calibration_ptr->width/2 + CALIBRATION_WIDTH, calibration_ptr->height/2);
rtgui_dc_draw_vline(dc, calibration_ptr->width/2, calibration_ptr->height/2 - CALIBRATION_HEIGHT, calibration_ptr->height/2 + CALIBRATION_HEIGHT);
RTGUI_WIDGET_FOREGROUND(widget) = red;
rtgui_dc_fill_circle(dc, calibration_ptr->width/2, calibration_ptr->height/2, 4);
break;
}
rtgui_dc_end_drawing(dc);
}
break;
case RTGUI_EVENT_COMMAND:
{
struct rtgui_event_command* ecmd = (struct rtgui_event_command*)event;
switch (ecmd->command_id)
{
case TOUCH_WIN_UPDATE:
rtgui_widget_update((struct rtgui_widget*)widget);
break;
case TOUCH_WIN_CLOSE:
rtgui_win_close(RTGUI_WIN(widget));
break;
}
}
return RT_TRUE;
default:
rtgui_win_event_handler(widget, event);
}
return RT_FALSE;
}
void calibration_entry(void* parameter)
{
struct rtgui_app *application;
rtgui_win_t* win;
struct rtgui_rect rect;
application = rtgui_app_create(rt_thread_self(), "cali_app");
if (application == RT_NULL)
{
return;
}
// 获取LCD 屏幕分辨率
rtgui_graphic_driver_get_rect(rtgui_graphic_driver_get_default(), &rect);
/* set screen rect */
calibration_ptr->width = rect.x2;
calibration_ptr->height = rect.y2;
/* create calibration window */
win = rtgui_win_create(RT_NULL,
"calibration", &rect, RTGUI_WIN_STYLE_NO_TITLE | RTGUI_WIN_STYLE_NO_BORDER);
if (win == RT_NULL)
{
rt_kprintf("calibration_win create fail!\r\n");
return;
}
calibration_ptr->wid = win;
rtgui_object_set_event_handler(RTGUI_OBJECT(win), calibration_event_handler);
rtgui_win_show(win, RT_TRUE);
rtgui_app_destroy(application);
/* set calibration data */
rt_device_control(calibration_ptr->device, RT_TOUCH_CALIBRATION_DATA, &calibration_ptr->data);
/* recover to normal */
rt_device_control(calibration_ptr->device, RT_TOUCH_NORMAL, RT_NULL);
/* release memory */
rt_free(calibration_ptr);
calibration_ptr = RT_NULL;
}
void calibration_init()
{
rt_device_t device;
device = rt_device_find("touch");
if (device == RT_NULL) return; /* no this device */
calibration_ptr = (struct calibration_session*)rt_malloc(sizeof(struct calibration_session));
rt_memset(calibration_ptr, 0, sizeof(struct calibration_data));
calibration_ptr->device = device;
// 设置校准回调函数，进入校准状态
rt_device_control(calibration_ptr->device, RT_TOUCH_CALIBRATION, (void*)calibration_data_post);
calibration_ptr->tid = rt_thread_create("cali", calibration_entry, RT_NULL,
2048, 20, 5);
if (calibration_ptr->tid != RT_NULL) rt_thread_startup(calibration_ptr->tid);
}
#ifdef RT_USING_FINSH
#include <finsh.h>
void calibration()
{
calibration_init();
}
FINSH_FUNCTION_EXPORT(calibration, perform touch calibration);
#endif

复制代码

2、《贪吃蛇》例程

Step1: 在bsp\simulator\rtgui_demo\snake下有两个.c文件和一个.h文件，添加到stm32f10x项目中。

Step2: 在application.c中rt_init_thread_entry()函数的最后，添加calibration_init();

Step3: 在calibration.c中calibration_entry()函数的最后，添加snake_main()，在触摸屏校准完成后，进入贪吃蛇程序。

Step4: 贪吃蛇程序当前只支持键盘操作，我们还没驱动键盘，要使用触摸屏操作，要添加处理事件（红色部分为添加的代码）：

static void snake_mouse_handler(struct rtgui_widget *widget, rtgui_event_t *event)
{
      struct rtgui_event_mouse *emouse;
      rt_uint32_t x, y;

      emouse = (struct rtgui_event_mouse *) event;

      if ((emouse->button & RTGUI_MOUSE_BUTTON_UP) == RTGUI_MOUSE_BUTTON_UP)
      {
               x = lattice_rect.x1 + (LATTICE_SIZE * second_node.x);
               y = (lattice_size_y - 1) - second_node.y;
               y = lattice_rect.y1 + (LATTICE_SIZE * y);

               if (run_state == SNAKE_DIR_UP || run_state == SNAKE_DIR_DOWN)
               {
                        if (emouse->x > x + LATTICE_SIZE)
                        {
                                 run_state = SNAKE_DIR_RIGHT;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                                 run_state = SNAKE_DIR_LEFT;
                        }
               }
               else
               {
                        if (emouse->y > y + LATTICE_SIZE)
                        {
                                 run_state = SNAKE_DIR_DOWN;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                                 run_state = SNAKE_DIR_UP;
                        }
               }
      }
}

static rt_bool_t event_handler(struct rtgui_object *object, rtgui_event_t *event)
{
struct rtgui_widget *widget = RTGUI_WIDGET(object);

rt_kprintf("event_handler\r\n");

if (event->type == RTGUI_EVENT_PAINT)
{
      rt_kprintf("RTGUI_EVENT_PAINT\r\n");
      rtgui_win_event_handler((struct rtgui_object *)object, event);
      snake_draw(widget);
      rtgui_timer_start(timer);
}
else if (event->type == RTGUI_EVENT_SHOW)
{
      rt_kprintf("RTGUI_EVENT_SHOW\r\n");
      rtgui_win_event_handler((struct rtgui_object *)object, event);
      snake_draw(widget);
      rtgui_timer_start(timer);
}
else if (event->type == RTGUI_EVENT_HIDE)
{
      rt_kprintf("RTGUI_EVENT_HIDE\r\n");
      rtgui_win_event_handler((struct rtgui_object *)object, event);
      rtgui_timer_stop(timer);
}
else if (event->type == RTGUI_EVENT_WIN_DEACTIVATE)
{
      rt_kprintf("RTGUI_EVENT_WIN_DEACTIVATE\r\n");
      rtgui_win_event_handler((struct rtgui_object *)object, event);
      rtgui_timer_stop(timer);
}
else if (event->type == RTGUI_EVENT_KBD)
{
      rtgui_win_event_handler((struct rtgui_object *)object, event);
      snake_handler(widget, event);
}
      else if (event->type == RTGUI_EVENT_MOUSE_BUTTON)
      {
               rtgui_win_event_handler((struct rtgui_object *)object, event);
               snake_mouse_handler(widget, event);
      }
else
{
      rt_kprintf("event->type:%d\r\n", event->type);

Step5: 添加文字标题(可选)，下图选中代码为新增

Step6: 编译，下载运行

Pjm2008 · 发表于 2013-7-14 22:59:44

标记一下，正在找RTGUI的教程。

aozima · 发表于 2013-7-15 09:54:58

"Romeo"写的穿墙蛇果然NB

memstone · 发表于 2013-7-15 09:59:53

GUI分析

GUI代码编写，完全可以在visualC++中进行，没必要使用MDK。GUI的simulator是基于Visual C++ 2005的，目前在微软官网上找到的最低版本是Visual C++ 2008 Express Edition（Express版本是免费的，但功能要少些，但用来运行模拟器已经足够了），所以，用scons –target=vs –s生成的2005版project.vcproj在打开的时候，会提示进行转换，直接点Finish即可。

Visual C++ 2008的项目管理简介

Visual C++ 2008对代码的管理分成三层，分别是Solution(解决方案)，Project(项目)，Source（源码，包括代码，资源等）。在以前的版本，没有最上层的Solution，根节点是从Project开始的。引入Solution是因为，一个项目，可能要引用其它项目(Project)生成的中间件(dll, ocx等)，方便管理。对于新手来说，可能只知道Project编译生成exe文件，其实还可以生成如dll, ocx等中间件，封装逻辑功能，提供给主应用程序调用，以实现代码简单复用，功能分割管理，交由团队不同组来完成。

打开一个project文件，会自动新建一个Solution来加载，下次直接打开project.sln文件即可。

运行贪吃蛇，在snake_gui.c中，设置一个断点到event_handler()的起始位置，然后操作贪吃蛇，这时程序被中断停止下来了，我们查看Call Stack，就可以对GUI的运行机制有个大概的判断了。

在我们的程序中，调用了rtgui_win_show()，就自动进入了rtgui_application_event_loop()，当前线程就运行在这个循环里，不断的从mq（消息队列）中检查是否有新事件进入，并处理。最后，收到close消息，关闭窗口，清理资源后，退出这个循环。当前线程如果没有循环后，线程即被回收销毁。我们的例程没有为贪吃蛇新建一个单独线程，而是使用了application.c中的rt_init_thread_entry()。

通常，rt_init_thread_entry()用来作系统初始化，如初始化LCD，触摸屏驱动等，完成后即被回收。一般建议为GUI创建独立的线程。如触摸屏校准程序calibration.c就在calibration_init()中动态创建了一个线程。

RTGUI主要两部分，一个是创建与销毁，另外就是消息处理。主要的功能都在消息处理这部分完成。消息有键盘，鼠标消息；控件管理消息(激活，重绘，移动，隐藏，关闭等)；自定义消息(RTGUI_EVENT_COMMAND)。在贪吃蛇中，还定义了定时器，这是GUI提供的，编写定时器消息完成贪吃蛇的爬行。

在官方PDF对应的版本，创建控件，要自己提供消息队列(mq)，在1.1.1版本中，这些都被封装了，连事件循环rtgui_application_event_loop()都不需要调用，减少了代码量。

对于RTGUI，其它的，似乎就剩下抄demo的代码了。

线程回收，在消息循环结束后，由系统自动完成。

最后提一句：rtgui_dc_begin_drawing()会阻止GUI的Timer，必须与rtgui_dc_end_drawing()成对出现，rtgui_dc_end_drawing()出现两次也不行。

Excellence · 发表于 2013-7-18 16:43:22

MARK.

caai2005 · 发表于 2013-9-18 10:46:15

本帖最后由 caai2005 于 2013-9-18 11:01 编辑

太牛了~~ mark
就是STM32F103去驱动SSD1963感觉速度很慢啊....
我运行rtgui的demo平均FPS只有4左右。使用外部ram。
使用内部RAM能跑到10， F103的FSMC真慢....

yuwangwangyu · 发表于 2013-10-28 11:55:50

收藏了

enovo2468 · 发表于 2014-1-17 09:03:44

好啊，看看我有什么错的，系统初始化就崩溃了

stevenzhongan · 发表于 2014-4-22 20:55:53

好帖，不顶不行啊

whow · 发表于 2014-10-3 22:24:45

标记一下稍后用

yaxiaoyu · 发表于 2015-12-2 14:26:11

（RTGUI）SSD1963 显示芯片驱动程序

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