抛砖引玉 转发一个 扑翼飞行器图解 希望高手指评

xbeethoven

扑翼飞行器图解2007-03-10 21:11:00
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摘要：［［新型扑翼飞行器图解］］――这是一种新型飞行器的研究报告。这种新型飞行器得到中国航空专家的好评。在军事和民事等方面将有广泛的用途。
Abstract: [ [ New flapping wing flight vehicle graphic solution ] ]-----this is one memoir . This kind of new flight vehicle obtains the Chinese aviation expert's high praise. In the military and civil and so on the aspect will have the widespread use.

作者：高晓燕  高永宁
电话：086-0595-22106834    传真：086-0595-22217278
       地址：362000  中国福建省泉州市林业局504室
       电子邮件: gaoxp1887@163.com
Author: Gao xiaoyan      Gao yongning
Telephone: 086-0595-22106834  fax:086-0595-22217278
Address: 362,000 Chinese Fujian Province Quanzhou forestry bureau 504 room
Email: gaoxp1887@163.com  




引言:
Introduction:

扑翼飞行器是一种仿照鸟类或昆虫飞行方式的飞行器。 具有飞行机动灵活，可以垂直升降及空中悬停，也可滑翔前飞，以及能量消耗少等优点。
The flapping wing flight vehicle is one kind imitates the birds or the insect flight mode flight vehicle. Has the flight mobile nimble, may be vertical the fluctuation, airborne hangs stops, also may glide the forward flight, as well as the energy consumption are few.

数百年来，很多先人对此进行探索。但由于生物体的飞行是历经进化，由很多神经，肌肉，骨格等综合体共同完成的活动。人工仿制的翅膀往往重量大，效率不高，控制不易。至今还没有实用的扑翼飞行器问世。我们认为先人们研制失败的原因,是因为简单的仿照鸟类或昆虫的平板式翅膀。往复运动是生物体的特征；而旋转运动是机械运动的特征，是机械运动的优势。例如汽车不采用马的腿，而是使用圆轮。因此，如能设计一种轻巧的旋转式扑翼，以及一套相应简单有效的操纵系统，扑翼飞行器便有可能成功。
For several hundred years, very many ancestors carry on the exploration regarding this. But because organism's flight has been through repeatedly the evolution, by very many nerves, the muscle, the activity which the bone and so on completes together. The manual imitation wing the weight is often big, the efficiency is not high, controls not easily. Until now does not have practical  flapping wing flight vehicle to be published. We thought the ancestors develop the defeat the reason, is because simple imitates the birds or insect's plate-type wing. The reciprocal motion is organism's characteristic; But the rotary motion is the mechanical movement characteristic, is the mechanical movement superiority. For example the automobile does not use horse's leg, but is uses the circle turn. Therefore, if can design one kind of dexterous rotary system to flapping wing, as well as an set of corresponding simple effective control systems,  the flapping wing flight vehicle then to have the possibility to succeed.

近年来，在Z.F.的支持下，在专家学者的指导下，我们研制扑翼飞行器，开展应用基础研究和试验，并取得一些初步的成果。
In recent years, under government's support, in under expert's instruction, we developed the flapping wing flight vehicle, the development application basic research and the experiment, and yielded some preliminary results.

2003年12月，中国国家专家小组来泉州，考察我们制作的扑翼飞行器的资料和模型，对我们设计的独特升力系统和独特操纵系统给予较高的评价（参考文献：扑翼机考察纪要）。
In  December, 2003， the Chinese country expert group comes the Quanzhou, inspects us to manufacture  the flapping  wing  flight vehicle material and the model, designs the unique lifting system and the unique control system to us, gives a higher appraisal (the reference: inspection summary of the flapping wing flight vehicle ).

我们根据专家意见制作一架扑翼飞行器的原理样机，长度2.5米，宽度5米，高度2米。重量75千克。陈列在泉州科技馆展览。
We according to the expert advice to manufacture to the flapping wing flight vehicle principle prototype, the length 2.5 meters, the width 5 meters, highly 2 meters. Heavy 75 kilograms. Exhibits in the Quanzhou science and technology museum display.

该样机应用于地面演示和测试。包含完整的升力系统，完整的操纵系统和动力传动系统。换上航空材料和航空发动机，即能够飞行。该样机可以仿照直升机在空中悬停，垂直地上升和下降；向前飞和向后飞；向左飞和向右飞；固定地点转向；也能够仿照普通的飞机飞行，但它不用螺旋桨推进或喷气推进，而是如鸟类和昆虫一样采用扑翼飞行。
This prototype applies to the ground demonstration and the test. Contains the integrity the lifting system, complete control system and power drive system. Exchanges the aviation material and the aircraft engine, namely can fly. This prototype may airborne imitate the helicopter in to hang stops, vertical rise and drop; Flies to the forward flight and to after; To left flies with to right flies; The fixed place changes; Also can imitate the ordinary airplane flight, but it does not need the propeller to advance or the jet propulsion, but is like the birds and the insect equally uses the flapping wing flight.

2006年12月，中国中央电视台(科技博览)栏目来泉州科技馆拍摄节目。（http://discovery.cctv.com/20061222/100989.shtml）
In December, 2006, the China Central Committee Television [ [ science and technology reads extensively ] ] the column to come the Quanzhou science and technology museum to photograph the program.( http://discovery.cctv.com/20061222/100989.shtml )

我们将研制样机的一些初步成果写为报告，请批评指正。
We developed a prototype for the written report some preliminary results, please correct me criticism.

我们设计的扑翼飞行器主要包含三个部分：一个机身；二个旋转扑翼（含动力驱动）；四根操纵杆（见附图１）。
We design the flapping wing flight vehicle mainly to contain three parts: A fuselage; Two revolve system of the flapping wings (to contain power actuation); Four control handles. (see attached figure 1).


(一)机身（包含控制面板）。机身可为流线型，也可为汽车型。（见附图２）。
(一) Fuselage (contains control panel). The fuselage may be a streamline, also may be the automobile. (Sees attached figure 2).


（二）二个旋转扑翼。机身的上部是扑翼系统，此为产生垂直升力的系统。
（二） Two revolve flapping wing. Fuselage upside is  the flapping wing system, this for produces the vertical lifting force system.

(1) 中间部分为动力箱（见附图３）。
(1) middle partially (sees attached figure 3) for the power box.


(2) 动力箱的前面和后面，分别安装圆的管.（见附图3）。
(2) Power box front and behind, separately installs the circle the tube. (Sees attached figure 3).

(3) 左边和右边的二个旋转的三角的架，放在圆的管的中间的外边。（见附图4和附图5）




(3) Left side and right side two revolve the triangle frame, puts on circle tube middle outside. (Sees attached figure 4 and attached figure 5).

（4）二个旋转的三角的架的外边，分别安装三个扑翼。（见附图６）。
(4)Two revolve triangle frame outside, separately installs three of the flapping wing. (Sees attached figure 6 )


(5) 在动力驱动下，旋转的三角的架进行共同的旋转，扑翼一方面跟随进行共同的旋转，同时，一方面进行自己的旋转。扑翼在下降时，保持水平的状态：在上升时，保持垂直的状态，以此得到最大的垂直的升力。翼的共同的旋转对比自身的旋转，平均速率为２：１。这就要求有一个装置，用来控制共同旋转和自转的对应关系。这个装置，名称为翼的状态的控制器（见附图７）。翼的状态的控制器安装在旋转的三角的架的前边的中心。
(5) under the power actuation, the triangle frame carries on common revolving,  the flapping wing on the one hand to follow  common revolving, simultaneously, on the one hand carries on the rotation. The flapping wing when the drop, maintenance level condition: When rise, maintains the vertical condition, to this obtains the biggest vertical lifting force. The wing common revolves the contrast rotation, the average speed is 2: 1. This request has an equipment, uses for to control common revolves together with the rotation corresponding relations. The name of equipment, (sees attached figure 7) for the wing condition controller. The wing condition controller installs in the triangle frame front center which revolves.


翼的状态的控制器包含三个部分：
The wings condition controller contains three parts:

（A）共同的旋转的控制部分（见附图8）。含４个椭圆的齿轮，３个大伞齿轮和３个小伞齿轮。中心轴为控制的轴，能够控制翼产生升力的（矢量）方向。
(A) Common revolves control section (sees attached figure 8). Contains 4  ellipic gears, 3 big bevel gears and 3 small bevel gears. The central shaft for the control  axis, can control the wing to induce the lift (vector) the direction.


（Ｂ）自转控制部分（见附图9）。含１个大伞齿轮和１个小伞齿轮。输出端用键与翼连接。
(B) The rotation control section (sees attached figure 9). Including 1 big bevel gear and 1 small bevel gear. The out-port uses the keying wing.


(C) 传动杆（连接杆）。共同的旋转的控制部分连接自转控制部分（见附图１0）。
(C) Transmission rod. Common revolves the control section connection rotation control section (sees attached figure 10).


*电子的翼的状态的控制器（见附图１1）。能够快速变换飞行器的各种工作状态，例如：待机，扑翼，滑翔，刹车，特技等等（见附图１2），能够精确地控制翼的工作角度。这是第二代的翼的状态的控制器。这是今后重要发展方向。
*The electronic wing condition controller (sees attached figure 11). Can fast transform the flight vehicle each kind of active status, for example: The waiting, the flapping wing, the glide, the braking, the stunt and so on (sees attached figure 12), Can precisely control the wing the work angle. This is the second-generation wing condition controller. This is the important development direction.



（6）发动机驱动三角的架进行旋转（见附图１３）。动力的传输轴安装在后面的圆的管中间。
(6) The engine drive triangle frame carries on revolves (sees  attached figure 13). The power transmission axis installs among the behind circle tube.


（三）操纵系统。采用电传控制，进行遥控。（见附图１４）。
（三）Control system. Uses the fax control, carries on the remote control. (Sees attached figure 14).


（A）上升或下降的控制。通过连杆控制发动机油门。模型机由于用电机作动力，采用可控硅控制。
(A) Rises or the drop control. Through connecting rod control engine accelerator. The molding machine because using electricity machine makes the power, uses the silicon-controlled rectifier control.

（B）向前飞或向后飞的控制。机身部分和扑翼部分，是通过滑轮和导轨相互连接。使用电机和丝杆进行相对位置调节。（见附图１５）。当机身向前滑动，飞行器将向前（下方）飞行，此时，适当加大油门，飞行器将保持平飞；再加大油门，飞行器将实现爬升。
（B）To the forward flight or the control which flies to after. The fuselage partial and the flapping wing partial is mutually connects through the pulley and the guide rail. Uses the electrical machinery and the lead screw carries on the relative position adjustment. (Sees attached figure 15). When the fuselage skids to front, the flight vehicle (oblique line) will fly to front,　this time, suitably will enlarge the accelerator (power), the flight vehicle maintains the horizontal flight; Again will enlarge  the accelerator, the flight vehicle will realize climbs.  


（C）向左飞或向右飞控制。翼的状态控制器的中心轴是控制轴，（见附图９）。控制翼产生的升力的方向。使用连杆曲柄把左边和右边的(翼的状态控制器)中心轴连接，用小电机和丝杆进行向左飞和向右飞的控制。（见附图１６）。当(翼的状态控制器)中心轴向左边转动，飞行器将向左飞，反之，向右飞。
(C) To left flies or to right flies the control. The wing condition controller central shaft is controls the axis, (sees attached figure 9). Controls lifting force direction which the wing produces. The use connecting rod crank the left side and right side (wing condition controller) the central shaft connection, carries on with the small electrical machinery and the lead screw to left flies with to the control which right flies. (Sees attached figure 16). When (wing condition controller) the center axial left side rotates, the flight vehicle to left will fly, on the contrary, to right will fly.


（D）定点转向控制。采用翘翘板原理实现定点转向控制。当板的左边上升，右边下降时，飞行器将向左边转动，相反，向右边转动。但由于考虑板如太长，对强度要求高，故一般采用变形的直角的板形式。(见附图１６）。
（D）Fixed place, change flight direction control. Uses  the (high - low) board principle to carry on the change flight direction the control. The central shaft of wing condition controller installs in the end bearing hole of  the (high -low) board . When the (high - low) board left side rises, when right side drops, the flight vehicle will rotate to the left side, on the contrary, will rotate to right side. But because the consideration (high -low) board like too is long, requests high to the intensity, therefore generally uses the distortion the right angle board form. (Sees attached figure 16).

参考文献：
1.扑翼机考察纪要
The reference: Inspection summary of the flapping wing flight vehicle.
2. 风洞试验报告
The Wind tunnel test report.
3. 扑翼机设计简图
The flapping wings design diagram
4. 新型扑翼机研制
New flapping wing development.
5. 录像(2000----2006)
Video recording (2000----2006)

xbeethoven

原文
http://gaoyongling2003.blog.phoenixtv.com/article/711872.html